Thadou kuki Love Song.

Ref No: ZG/MS 02-06/08 Dated Manmasi, 2nd March 2008

OFFICE OF THE

KUKI NATIONAL ORGANISATION

GOVERNMENT OF ZALE’N-GAM

Ref No: ZG/MS 02-06/08 Dated Manmasi, 2nd March 2008

KUKI NATIONAL ORGANISATION’S OBJECTION TO THE PROPOSAL FOR A CHINDWEEN
PAKKAI STATE

On February 7 – 10, 2008, a Constitution Seminar was held at Maesot in Thailand. A proposal was put
forward by several MPs of Burma to create a Chindween Pakkai Sate, comprising the lands of Kukis,
Nagas in the Sagaing Division. This proposal is unacceptable to the Kuki National Organisation, which
seeks to create statehood for the Kukis, comprising their ancestral lands. Please note, Kukis fought
against the British colonialists to preserve their ancestral lands from 1917-1919.
In the Kuki rising 1917-1919 which is well chronicled in many contemporaneous British records, the
Kukis fought bravely and fiercely to preserve the freedom and sovereignty in their Zale’n-gam. Zale’ngam
was the land where the Kukis has complete freedom and sovereignty till 1919, when after the war
the British suppressed it. Zale’n-gam then extended from the Chindwin River in the East till the North
Cachar Hills of Assam in India. After 1919 many of the Kuki Chiefs and leaders of the war were
imprisoned at Taunggyi jail as under:

Sl. No. Name Imprisoned for:
1. Kamjadem (Kamjahen Haokip, Chief of Phailengjang I) 3 Years
2. Tongkwalun (Tongkholun Haokip, Chief of Phailengjang II) 3 Years
3. Letkwatang (Letkhothang, Chief of Khotuh) 3 Years
4. Semkwalun (Semkholun Haokip, Chief of Phaisat) 3 Years
5. Zahlun (Jalhun Haokip, Chief of Molvom) 3 Years
6. Shuku (Tukih Lupheng, Chief of Tonglhang) 3 Years
7. Vumnul (Vumngul Kipgen, Chief of Tujang) 3 Years
8. Haokwapao (Holkhopao Kipgen, Chief of Molvailup) 3 Years
9. Notzang (Nohjang Kipgen, Chief of Saisem) 3 Years
10. Ngulkolun (Ngulkholun) 3 Years

This war was not only a war for the preservation of Zale’n-gam’s sovereignty but it was also a war
against British Colonialism. During the Second World War, the Kuki’s
contribution against colonial imperialism and for the attainment of Burma’s freedom from colonial yoke
cannot be underestimated. The Kukis took active part in the war efforts of Subhas Chandra Bose and
his Indian National Warriors (INA) with headquarters at Rangoon. Both India and Burma were under
the same British Administration like us at that time. The Kukis had actively participated in the freedom
struggle against the British colonial power with the hope that they would get back the sovereignty of
Zale’n-gam, viz. The Kuki Nation. Subash Chandra Bose in fact promised this. However, unfortunately,
for us, with the victory of the Allied powers, we again saw our hopes and aspirations crushed. In the
post-colonial period we found ourselves dismembered and scattered into two countries - half in Burma
and half in India.
However, since after the Second World War we had never taken up arms or raised the banner of revolt
against either India or Burma, even while other ethnic groups in both the countries have been
continually raising their voices of dissent.
An autonomous enclave for the Kukis is warranted a hundred times over both in India as well as in
Burma but such a concept has been elusive in both the countries.
Kukis will not allow any other peoples to settle their lands in any other way than their own will.
This missive explains the reasons for KNO’s stand:
Kuki and Naga are two separate peoples. They are ethnically, socially, culturally and linguistically
unique from each other. In the case of our people in India, from 1992-1997, the NSCN (IM) carried out
the Kuki genocide in which over 900 people were killed, 350-odd villages uprooted and 50,000 plus
souls displaced. Therefore, it is not possible to create a situation where the two ethnic groups could be
put together in one administrative set up, such as a state. KNO is a member of the Federation of Ethnic
Nationalities of Burma. This organisation wants a state for each of the ethnic groups in Burma.
Presently, FENB members include Wa, Palaung, Paoh, Lahu, Chin,Arakan and Kuki. Each of these
groups has its own revolutionary organisation to fight for their political demand. Similarly, NSCN (K)
have been engaged in seeking their own political agenda for the last few decades. Their sentiment also
must be respected. It is therefore inappropriate that an idea like Chindween Pakkai State should be
mooted without consulting KNO and NSCN (K).
A study of the proposal for Chindween Pakkai State shows that the intention is to create division
between the Kukis and Nagas.
Burma is a large country which can have at least 20-30 states. This is the way each entity is duly
recognised and made integral parts of the nation.
The fourth FENB meeting was held on 18 June 2004. Excerpts of a press release from the Thai-Burma
border is as follows:
1) The fourth meeting of Federation of Ethnic Nationalities of Burma - FENB, which is formed by ethnic
nationalities from Burma, was successfully held on June 18, 2004 at Thai-Burma border. Wa National
Organization, Palaung State Liberation Front, Lahu Democratic Front, Kuki National Organization have
formed FENB in January 2002 and then came the Pa-O People Liberation Organization after one month
and today with the joining of Democratic Party of Arakan and Chin National Confederation the alliance
had seven members. FENB will keep fighting for a federal union of Burma where each and every ethnic
nationality has a state of their own and will ensure the equality of ethnic nationalities in Burma and
their right to self-determination.
2) FENB, which is based on ethnic nationality, identify their common needs and agreed to promote each
other as well as all ethnic nationals of Burma, who are owners of their ancestral land. These ethnic
nationalities have political rights, regardless of the size of their land and size of populations, advanced
or backward socio-economically have agreed to establish a genuine federal council, and a federal state
union.
3) FENB will initiate to establish a genuine federal council, so that all ethnic nationals can participate
and can guarantee their rights. FENB also aims to support the National Democratic Front and other
current political alliances, which oppose the illegal military regime.
With regard to the history of the Kuki people certain salient aspects are included in this missive for your
reference.
Culture and History:
Traditionally, Kuki form of governance is based on Haosa ki vai po (Chieftainship). The government is
comprised of a two-tiered system (bicameral): a) Upa Innpi or Bulpite Vaipohna (Upper House) and b)
Haosa Innpi or Kho Haosa Vaipohna (Lower House). Semang and Pachong (council of ministers and
auxiliary members) aid the chief in the day-to-day administration. Cha’ngloi (Assistant), Lhangsam
(Town crier), Thiempu (High Priest and Judge), Lawm Upa (Minister of Youth & Cultural Affairs), Thihpu
(Village Blacksmith) include the essential elements of a Kuki community.
In the aftermath of the ‘Kuki rising, 1917-1919’ (OIOC) the British colonialists divided Kuki ancestral
lands between British India and British Burma. Kuki ancestral land in Burma begins from the river
Chindwin, stretching to the west bordering India, in the north, up to the river Nantalit and its
surrounding regions, and to the south, the region up to the northern border of Chin State.
Following Burma’s independence from Britain in 1948, the Kukis were reconciled to being an integral
part of the country. However, general neglect of the people by the Government prompted KNO’s armed
cadre, Kuki National Army to carry out offensives against the Burmese army. These activities have now
ceased completely in view of KNO’s decision to pursue through peaceful means a solution to the Kuki
problem in Burma. In this connection, some of the grievances faced by the people are being highlighted
fro your appraisal:
In 1967, under U Muang Maung’s “Khadawami Operation” the Government of Revolutionary Council
headed by General Newin, displaced 20,000 Kukis in the Kabow valley under the excuse that they were
holding bogus “National Registration and family registration cards”.
From 1980s there have been deliberate attempts at displacing the Kukis and populating the Kabow
valley with other ethnic Burmese tribes. The settlements of Ongchija, Tanan, Myothit, Saya San,
Bandulah, Nanaungow, Mantong and Ywatha, which were deliberately set up by the Military
Government in the Kabow Valley are existing examples of discrimination against the Kukis. We do not
have objection to live with them peacefully but only as long as there is an equitable approach at the
Government policy levels. Till now the Military Government has given us a step-motherly treatment.
Since 1990 the SLORC Government have been extracting forced-labor from the Kukis in the Kabow
Valley. The Army has dispossessed many Kuki villages of their lands. A glaring example of this is at
Watsu in 1992 under the direct supervision of the General Secretary II Gen Tin O.
In the beginning of 1993 Nungkam, a Kuki village was burnt and bulldozed and in its place a new
military settlement, Saya San Ywo, was set up. The ostensible reason for this was that the Kukis refuse
to convert to Buddhism. The village Church was burnt down. There are many other instances, which
are glaring examples of SLORC’s discrimination against the Kukis in Burma (Myanmar).
The student community Kuki Students Democratic Front, Burma (KSDF) has submitted a representation
highlighting Human Rights violation by SLORC against ethnic Nationalities (1993-94) in Burma
(Myanmar). Apart from mentioning forced labour and forceful occupation of village lands by the warriors
they highlighted one incident at Phailen, a Kuki village in the Kabow Valley. It appears that one soldier
from the 89 battalion of Burmese warriors deserted his camp based in Phailen village with a few rifles
and ammunition. Subsequently, a Burmese platoon stormed into the village, killed four people and
arrested twelve others (all are consisting of Kuki religious leaders of Phailen Baptist Church). A ransom
of 200,000 Kyats was demanded for their release. U Mangpu (45), Chairman of village, Law and Order
Restoration Council; Rev. Yangkholet (48), the Pastor of Phailen Baptist Church; U Thangkhai (28) and
U Haopu (25) were brutally tortured to death, during the first week of August 1993. U Maungpu’s house
was demolished and his cows and domestic pets were used as ration for the platoon. His wife has been
imprisoned in Monywa jail since then. This news was broadcast by BBC Burmese section on11.08.93.
All these incidents of harassment, torture and discrimination by the Military Government have been a
matter of deep concern for us. We are surprised and shocked, mainly because we have never raised
the banner of rebellion against independent Burma like the other ethnic groups, such as the Chins, the
Kachins, Karens, etc. Even then we have been continuously treated as anti-nationals. The only reason
for this seems to be that we are not Buddhists but Christians in general. In this regard Myanmar has at
no time declared itself as a theocratic Buddhist State. Buddhism, as we know it, is a non-violent allencompassing
religion and in this context, the actions of the military-regime are paradoxical. As per our
understanding, Myanmar is supposed to be a democratic and peace-loving country where all ethnic
groups may live in harmony, professing any religion of their choice.
In this missive, KNO would like to draw the attention all to the following issues concerning the Kuki
people in Burma:
i) Safeguarding the territorial integrity of Kuki lands and preservation of their identity by the
Government of Burma is imperative. To the Kuki people this issue is more important than the political
status of Burma, i.e. military state or democracy.
ii) Kukis want to be fully integrated within the Union of Burma. To achieve this objective, KNO
wants the Government to accord statehood to Kuki ancestral lands.
iii) The proposal for Kuki statehood includes their ancestral lands starting from the river Chindwin
towards the west bordering India; in the north, up to the river Nantalit and its surrounding regions; and
to the south, the region stretching to the northern border of Chin State.
iv) Statehood would allay the fear that the Government might plan to inhabit ethnic Burmese
transplanted from other regions of Burma and settle them on Kuki lands with a view to rendering them
a minority in their own territory. For example, in 2004 as well, a new Burmese village, Yan Nyang Aung
was established between Lallim and Panda Kuki villages.
v) Prevent Meitei militants from Manipur in India to use Kuki lands in Burma to carry out activities
against the Kuki people, as well as the Indian army across the international border. For example, in a
recent Manipur People’s Army (conglomeration of Meitei militant groups) attack on the Assam Rifles
out-post at a Kuki village, Chavangphai, Ward 7 Moreh, near the Indo-Burma border, four local civilians,
including two women suffered severe injuries (20 July 2006, Imphal Free Press). A house at S Moljol, an
adjacent village was also hit by a 60 mm bomb, injuring two people. The BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/burmese/ also reported that on the Burmese side of the border, two Kuki
villages, Valpabung and Namphalong, were affected when Assam Rifles retaliated. The injured village
folks were refused immediate medical attention at the hospital at Tamu, a town in Kabaw valley
because the Burmese police reported the casualties were not caused by the crossfire that occurred the
previous night.
KNO believes that it would not be presumptuous to state that fulfilment of their aspirations would
contribute to peace and stability of the nation. Therefore, I request the Member of Parliament in exile to
support creation of Kuki statehood rather than propose a Chindween Pakkai State. Your support would
inspire confidence among the Kukis and dispel notions that Burmans and other ethnic groups intend to
exploit Kuki lands and its people.

Yours sincerely,
PS Haokip
President
Kuki National Organisation
Zale’n-gam
MANMASI

Title: KUKI NATIONAL ORGANISATION’S OBJECTION TO THE PROPOSAL FOR A CHINDWEEN PAKKAI
STATE
Author: PS Haokip (via e-mail)
Date: 3/6/2008

Exclusive Interview with President KNO, Pu P.S.Haokip

Pu. PS Haokip President KNO

Manipur Express: Mr. President, It is almost 20 years that you have championed the Zale’n-gam movement. Looking back at the past, how and what do you think are the important positive political development amongst us, especially among the people in Manipur?PS Haokip: a) The recent past (50-odd years) of our ethnic people was beset with internal division, mainly owing to politics of clanism rather than nationalism. The movement of Zale’n-gam has turned that around because of its inclusive ideology based on principles of federalism: politics on the basis of sheer numbers has been replaced by representation of every clan and group on equal status. The divisive nature of clan centred politics has been abolished. 

b) Division is not confined among our people alone; others have the same problem, but in a different way. Others may face the common problem of internal strife, but their identity is intact and so they do not suffer political set back. Sadly, our identity has been in a state of flux. Consequently, although we are one ethnic people, we have been seriously disadvantaged politically. This is why KNO explicitly stresses unity on the basis of our irrefutable age-old Kuki identity, which is on record, e.g. at the British Library in London.

Manipur Express: What, according to you, is the greatest challenge or drawback in our politics: Clanism, tribalism, development or electoral politics?

P.S. Haokip

PS Haokip: Under the present politico-territorial arrangement called Manipur, the majority community has deliberately turned us into beggars in our own land. They equate demands for autonomy with secession. They want to grab our lands, and therefore refused to implement provisions of the Indian Constitution that guarantees protection of tribal land and way of life, and that seeks to prevent tribal land alienation. The MLR& LRA Act, 1960 and its Amendment Bill kept pending, Manipur Hill Areas (Acquisition of Chiefs Rights) Act on 14 June, 1967 are brazen attempts to alienate our land from us. The blunt opposition to the delimitation exercise revealed their firm determination to deny us any greater say or share in the governance of the state. Once we realize the gravity of these together as a people, which is the greatest challenge I perceive, the so-called clannisms, tribalisms, development problems or the sting electoral politics will all disappear. These are there today because we are made to fight over crumbs that fell from their table.

Manipur Express: What is the difference between SoO for Non-Nagas UGs & Ceasefire for the Naga UGs?

PS Haokip: Firstly, a clarification: As is clear in my preceding answers, KNO does not subscribe to ‘Non-Naga’ to identify our people. It is an insult to our forefathers to adopt such an identity and shows an utter lack of creativity. Besides, ‘Non-Naga’ represents every other community on this planet except the Naga people.

The Naga outfits initially stood for secession and therefore fought the Indian Security forces, involving numerous exchange of fire. Cessation of firing at each other is termed a ceasefire, while our outfits were raised primarily in protest for the government’s lack of concern for our safety, their deliberate denial of security forces for our protection when we were under genocidal attack, and to protect ourselves and our land until the Indian government restore our self governance to us in the form of a state of India. There had been no exchange of hostilities, only operations by both parties to carry out their respective duties, hence, Suspension of operations. Both are a prelude to political dialogue to resolve the people’s demands for their rights.

Manipur Express: It’s been 2-3 years since we signed SoO. Have you received an official invitation from the government for political talks? At which level would the talks be held, PMO or MHA?

PS Haokip: SoO was signed to set up an atmosphere conducive for political dialogue. Therefore, as a prerequisite, if you like, cadres need to be in designated camps and weapons kept under double-locking system. Although SoO has been in place with GOI since 2008, the camps were formally occupied by 20 September 2010 and extension of SoO took place on 1 October. One month has passed since. The ball is now in the court of Ministry of Home Affairs. KNO has fully complied with the obligation set by GOI. Next, it is MHA’s turn to honourably fulfil its obligation.

KNO delegates have met the Union Home Minister and had spelled out the desired framework of dialogue that will be acceptable to the KNO. The Political Dialogue should begin in right earnest, the Union Home Minister should officially engage in the Dialogue, an interlocutor should be appointed, the dialogue should be bilateral.

Manipur Express: What outcome can we expect from the present SoO: Sixth Schedule/UT/or state within a state?

PS Haokip: KNO expects nothing less than the highest, as well as what is legitimate (i.e. statehood) that the Constitution of India can give to the Kuki people comprising their ancestral lands, which is presently within the political boundary of Manipur. We are clear on what we want. A separate state for the Kuki people to be carved out of their traditional lands, comprising the Churachandpur, Chandel and Sadar Hills regions and all Kuki villages in contiguity to these districts/region. We cannot settle for anything less, nor should we.

Please note: the present-day map of Manipur is a construct of British colonialists. Manipur, i.e. Kangleipak, from time immemorial comprises the valley; the hills, the historical domain of Kuki chieftains, were forcibly ruled by the British and included within Manipur. KNO has categorically stated it will not disturb the territorial integrity of Manipur, i.e. Kangleipak.

Manipur Express: The Valley UGs as well as civil societies appears to be against any form of Autonomy in Tribal areas, even though we may not raise Manipur boundary issues? How are we trying to make them understand our political stand?

PS Haokip: KNO is neither apologetic about its political stands that does not compromise the interest of the Kuki people, nor intend to adversely affect the interest of their neighbours. KNO is for mutual respect of one another’s identity and territory among all communities. Nobody should harm the political and human rights of any people by design or intent. It is not the right of valley-based UGs or any other group to try and determine the fate of another community. We are under no obligation to make anybody understand our political stand. We know our land and our rights and we will fight for it. It is their duty to shed greed and accept what is theirs and be content with it. That alone can restore the Ching-Tam cordiality in future.

Manipur Express: You have been travelling extensively around the world, meeting different people at different places, and perhaps you might have also met other UG groups of North East India. How do you see our movement among the various Revolutionary movements in the country?

PS Haokip: Whereas I choose to refrain from commenting on other movements, our movement is based on solid rights of the people and is the most civilized movement in terms of our preference for dialogue before any violence against the state. The state, i.e. India, must encourage this example by addressing our concerns in right earnest.

Manipur Express: In view of the changing circumstances in international politics, Indian Government appears to be very concerned with Chinese aggressive pose, their presence in Burma and support or sheltering NEI- UG leaders in China. Do you see that our movement is a part of these changes or are you least concerned about such changes?

PS Haokip: Geopolitics that does not unfavourably affect the Kuki people is no concern for KNO. However, should our people’s interest be affected, we would not leave any stone unturned to resolve the problem. This message should be clear to all concerned.

Manipur Express: Coming back to Manipur, the central officials as well as the Army seems to be more concerned with the growing number of factions or disunity among our people. What could be the reason and how can we address this problem?

PS Haokip: The central officials, as well as the Army, are rightly concerned about factions and disunity among our people. The reasons for such a state of affairs are numerous. Some go back to the past arrogance of certain clan members. More importantly, lack of visionary leadership and a cohesive political ideology to lead our people following the British incursion on our lands and subsequently in post-independent India are the crux of the problem.

Deeply perturb at the existing situation, KNO evolved the ideology of Zale’n-gam, which is inclusive and above clannish politics. Ideology and committed leadership is the key to change. This is KNO’s commitment; this is our aspiration, i.e. to adopt ideology and offer genuine, but humble leadership in order to bring peace and development to all of our kith and kin. KNO is fully conscious of the vital need for ideology and quality leadership, long absent among our people.

Manipur Express: In your book, “Zale’n-gam: The Kuki Nation” you have extensively discussed the Kuki genocide committed by NSCN (IM). This is certainly a crime against humanity, and you must have been raising the issue at different national and International forums. How far has such human rights violation been helping us in making our political issue understandable to others or has it neutralised the Naga’s movement to some extend?

PS Haokip: The Kuki genocide has been well publicised the world over. NSCN (IM) have realised their fatal error against the Kuki people, which has caused a major setback to the Naga movement. AZ Phizo, the father of Naga nationalism achieved great heights. Sadly, NSCN (IM) brought it to low ebb by communalising Naga nationalism. What Phizo achieved was hijacked to avenge Kukis, whom Tangkhuls projected as committing atrocities by selectively referring to instances in history.

The Northern Baptist Church of America, who were formerly influenced by NSCN (IM)’s version of history were the first to learn the truth that Kukis were the victims, not the aggressor. It appears NSCN (IM) have realised the futility of ‘revenge’ on their neighbour when engaged in a revolutionary movement.

Kuki nationalism, as ‘In Celebration of Kuki Unity’ demonstrates, is firmly on the rise. This success, which expresses our political stand to others, is attributed to ideology and leadership.

Manipur Express: It appears that anti-Naga, anti-Meetei or anti-Kuki policies are not going to serve our collective purpose if we look at the present-day Manipur. Is there any possible meeting point in this context?

PS Haokip: KNO is anti-communal. It does not believe in anti-someone politics. It advocates mutual recognition and mutual respect of each other’s rights for peaceful co-existence and progressive cooperation in development. The Meitei state of Manipur, the Kuki state of Zale’n-gam and the Naga state of Nagalim can, and must be partners in promoting the welfare of the people of each state.

Manipur Express: When we look back during 1960s till 1970, Manipur was comparatively peaceful, development was faster, our political leaders were more visionary and there was nothing like Hills v/s valley, or Tribal v/s Meitei. But, today after 1980s, the emotional divisions and separation appears to be very strong. Why is it so? Is it because the majority community became insecure and started engaging in exclusive politics or is it that we began to exert our identity on ethnic line?

PS Haokip: As the saying goes, when the politics is right everyone benefits. Clearly, politics has not been even close to right, because every community has not benefitted equitably. There is gross inequity, not only economically, but also in blatant abuse of hill peoples’ political rights. For example, the Sixth Schedule, a Constitutional provision gainfully enjoyed by other Northeast hill states, was out rightly denied to the hill peoples by the Meiteis, the dominant population in Manipur. Perpetuation of the status quo would be perpetuation of abuse and continued deprivation of the hill peoples by the Meiteis.

In short, bad politics prompted by communal tendencies has sharpened divisions on ethnic lines. The impasse can be resolved by each of the three major communities Kuki, Naga and Meitei mutually respecting one another’s rights and striving for and achieving their respective political solution.

Manipur Express: Most of us agree that, whether we are called Kuki, Chin, Mizo or Zomi, we are one people. But, unlike the Naga, we have not accepted a common Name. Do you foresee a united force or a federation or a confederation type of political system for our future administration?

PS Haokip: We are indeed one people, separated only in name (pun intended). Politics is the way forward now. We have Chin state in Myanmar, Mizoram state and our territories placed under Manipur in India. History predominantly recorded us as Kuki people. Political identity and the legacy associated with a people is often not the choice of its people. But it is important to gainfully utilize that political legacy and heritage to reclaim the lost rights of a people. That is why we need to utilize Kuki identity to secure our heritage, presently subdued under Manipur, and Sagaing Division of Myanmar. Once we secure these, a unification of Kuki, Chin and Mizo could be under the name Zomi. KNO, as stated earlier, proposes a federation of the Kuki clans and groups in Zale’n-gam, the Kuki state.

Manipur Express: The Government, including the Army, consider our problems as law and order problems, whereas we consider it to be a political issue. For instance, District council election was held after 20 years. The ADC in Manipur has no legislative and financial power, etc till date. Is there any other political issue you would raise before the government of India?

PS Haokip: The only political issue that needs to be raised before the government of India is, we have trusted in your judgment only to be disillusioned, now we want to govern our own affairs over our land under the Union. We have had enough of being dominated and pushed over, made to scramble over spills. This is non-negotiable. We want a state of our own over our land. 

ADC election concerns the state Government.

Manipur Express: We, the non-Nagas in Manipur call and named ourselves as Kuki/Tedim-Chin/Zomi/Mizo/Khul and others as well. Who do you think will be the best solution to put forward among these given names in times of Political talks or would it be best to put forward the agenda for creation of new and a common name(land) with the absence of the term ‘nomenclature’.

PS Haokip: In KNO’s view, an alternative nomenclature to Kuki is a subject that should be discussed and deliberated in due democratic process in our state Assembly. KNO is sensitive to the issue of nomenclature and therefore has projected for our state a poetic and neutral name, Zale’n-gam, land of freedom.

Manipur Express: In the agreement signed with the Centre Govt., it is agreed that both parties would uphold and protect the territorial integrity of Manipur state, but will it not affect the SoO against the statement made by you in creation of Kuki state during Celebration of Kuki Unity Program held recently?

PS Haokip: Prior to signing SoO, which included the clause, ‘within territorial integrity of Manipur’, KNO submitted in writing to MHA, ‘…During the course of dialogue KNO will raise their political objectives for consideration within the Constitution of India’ (dated 15 July 2008, cc: Government of Manipur).

KNO has officially reserved its right to raise its political demand and so does not in any respect contradict SoO, which is primarily concerned with ground rules to be observed by KNO cadres and the Security Forces.

Manipur Express: What initiative and steps should be taken by the civil society, student leaders and church organisations to assist the unity and oneness among us?

PS Haokip: In order that Kuki unity is truly beneficial, the identity must be appreciated by every kith and kin. In this regard, it is vital that representatives of civil societies, student leaders, Church bodies, etc take a positive and active step to maintain a stable society and help achieve our political objective.

KUKI TE CHAVANG KUT Miss Contest:

KUKI NATIONAL FLAG ZALE'N-GAM [KNO/KNA] Kuki National Army Formation The Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and its armed Wing, Kuki National Army (KNA), were formed in 1988. The first batch of the cadres, under the command of Thangkholun Haokip, was trained by the Kachin Independent Army (KIA) in Myanmar. Objectives The main objectives of the KNA is to bring together all the Kuki-inhabited areas separated by artificial boundary created in 1935, specifically in the Kabaw valley of Myanmar and the Kuki inhabited areas in the hill districts of Manipur under one administrative unit called ‘Zalengam’ (Land of freedom). In case of the eventuality of such integration not materializing, the KNA aims at the creation of two Kuki states: one within Burma i.e. ‘Eastern Zalengam’ and the other within India, ‘Western Zalengam’. The KNA’s relationship with other Kuki and Zomi militant outfits, however, remained hostile. On December 29, 2005, three Kuki militant outfits, the Kuki Revolutionary Army (KRA), United Kuki Liberation Front (UKLF) and the Kuki National Front-Samuel (KNF-S), merged under the banner of the Kuki National Council (KNC) to carry out operations against the KNA. A decision to this effect was announced by the ‘commanding officer’ of the KRA, Maj Max, at Sadar Hills area in Manipur. In Myanmar, the Kuki National Army waged guerrilla warfare against the Military Junta between 1991 and 1999, mainly targeting patrol parties and also Steamers along the Chindwin River. Leadership P. S. Haokip is the ‘president’ of the KNO and ‘supreme commander’ of the KNA. Anton Kuki is the ‘Home Secretary’. The other senior members are Khaikholun, vice-president for Eastern Zalen-gam, Lalminthang Vaiphei, vice-president for Western Zalengam, S. N. G. Haokip, Public Relations Secretary, Amitabh T. S. Haokip, Defence Secretary, Zalen Kuki, Foreign Secretary, Joshua Haokip, Education and Development Secretary, T. H. German Haokip, Intelligence and Analysis Secretary, Benjamin Paite, Trade and Commerce Secretary, Kamkhenpao Zou, Art and Culture Secretary, Thangboi Karong, Forest and Environment Secretary and Thangsang Hmar, Medical Secretary. The KNA has an estimated strength of 6000 cadres armed with an array of weapons like AK-Series, G-series, M-series and 60mm mortar. Areas of Operation KNO/KNA operates in the hill districts of Manipur and adjoining areas in Assam. It also has marginal presence in the Kabaw valley in the Northwest of Myanmar. Finances The KNA primarily depends on extortion for financing its activities. Linkages The KNO/KNA maintains strategic linkages with the Kachin Independent Organisation/ Kachin Independent Army, the Democratic Alliance of Burma, an alliance of pro-democracy exile organizations and ethnic insurgent organizations in Myanmar and the Federation of Ethnic Nationalities of Burma. It is also known to have close working relationship with the National Socialist Council of Nagaland-Khaplang (NSCN-K). Earlier, it maintained links with outfits such as the United National Liberation Front (UNLF) and Assam-based United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA). However, such linkages have weakened over the years. KNA is also an affiliate of the Indo-Burma Revolutionary Front, an umbrella organization of several militant outfits, including the ULFA, UNLF and the NSCN-K. Negotiations KNA has avoided confrontation with the security forces and have made appeals and sent petitions to the Union Government and other high-level officials in New Delhi for fulfilling their objectives. Memoranda submitted to the Government of India since 1995 include: 1. October 2, 1995: Memorandum to P. V. Narasimha Rao, Prime Minister. 2. October 4, 1995: Memorandum to A. B. Vajpayee, Leader of the Opposition. 3. June 17, 1996: Memorandum to H. D. Deve Gowda, Prime Minister. 4. January 27, 1997: Memorandum to K. R. Narayanan, President of India. 5. July 30, 2004: Memorandum to Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister. On September 22, 2005, the Union Defence Minister Pranab Mukherjee informed in the Manipur capital Imphal that at least eight militant outfits (including the KNA) in Manipur have declared informal ceasefires' with the Union Government. However, on January 31, 2006, the agreement expired. Incidents 2010 December 5: The KNO conveyed its appreciation to the cadres who flooded back to the Organisation by complying unconditionally with the KNO leadership’s appeal. Some cadres had deserted the camps with arms/weapons on the 3rd September, due to some misunderstanding that had cropped up amongst the KNA, the Armed Wing of KNO. Jul 21: Manipur Chief Minister Okram Ibobi Singh on informed the State Legislative Assembly that the Joint Monitoring Group has sternly warned the leaders of KNA that action would be taken up if any of its cadres were found involved in inciting communal tension recently, in the border town of Moreh in violation of the ground rules of the SoO. 18 militants were killed and four others injured in the already reported gun battle between combined cadres of the KLA and KRA on one hand and Prithvi faction of the KNF on the other at Seijang Hill area on the border between Imphal East and Senapati Districts. The gun battle could be the result of a fight for territorial control of areas inhabited by the Kuki tribes, Police said. Official sources said both Prithvi faction of the KNF and KLA were signatories of the suspension of operation (SoO) agreement with the State Government and the Army for initiating the peace process. Under the agreement, Security Forces have suspended operations against the militant outfits and the militants were not allowed to carry arms. Manipur Chief Minister Okram Ibobi Singh had warned another signatory of the SoO agreement, the KNA, for allegedly violating ground rules and threatened to take action against them. While the KNA wants a ''Kukiland'' to be formed by integrating Kuki-settled areas of Manipur and Myanmar, Prithvi faction of the KNF and KLA demand a ''Kukiland'' by carving out Kuki-inhabited areas of Manipur. July 13: The Meetei Council, Moreh (MCM) and the Kha-Ngongpok Apunba Nupi Lup, Moreh have jointly imposed an indefinite bandh (general shut down) in Moreh from July 14, in protest against the alleged attempt by some suspected KNA cadres led by the outfit's 'town commander' to abduct MCM leaders from their respective houses. The armed cadres also warned that one leader would be killed if any of their labourers were hurt by valley based militants. June 10: The Kom Rem Youth Front Manipur (KRYF) criticized the KNA for not allowing Kom people to cast vote in two polling stations in the Autonomous District Council (ADC) polls. KRYF while saying that Kom people have been waiting to elect its representative in ADC since last 20 years asked the concerned authority to order for repoll for the said polling stations. June 2: The UKLF accused the KNA of indulging in threats and intimidations in the first phase of ADC election held on May 26, against the provisions of the Suspension of Operation ground rules. Consequently, people belonging to the Koms were denied their democratic rights to franchise in Sagang and Tuibuong areas in Churachandpur District and at Moreh area in Chandel District just to name a few, stated the UKLF. In the State Assembly Election held in February 2007, the KNA leaders were paid a huge amount of rupees for their active service on election duty though badly defeated and chased out from Saitu, Saikul and other constituencies, the UKLF said. May 28: A designated camp of the KNA was ingurated by Legislator of Tengnoupal Assembly Constituency, Onjamang Haokip, at Chehlep village in Chandel District. May 17: KNA 'cabinet member and information and publicity secretary', Lenin H. Kuki, defected to the UKLF in Chandel District. April 4: The Integrated Check Post (ICP) Joint Action Committee disclosed that they were threatened by president of Hill Tribal Council (HTC) Jangmang Haokip. The ICP Joint Action Committee (JAC) questioned the inaction of the Chandel District Administration in the face of open threat. The JAC asked whether the Chandel District Collector has any secret understanding with the HTC president regarding ICP compensation. All the extortion at Moreh was carried out by the KNA through HTC, alleged the JAC. Asserting that the Chandel District Collector is well aware of all these facts, the JAC demanded that distribution/payment of compensation should be delayed until the KNA is drive out from Moreh and Chandel District permanently. In case the Government is not in a position to drive out the KNA, the land owners should be shifted to a suitable place under an arrangement by the Government, it added. March 21: Apprehending reprisal from the KNA cadres, two families deserted their Moreh town houses seeking safer haven in capital Imphal. Speaking to media persons at Manipur Press Club in the presence of their husbands, two women, Hoikhotin Haokip and Veichin Lhungdim, said they no longer feel safe staying at the border town for the KNA is likely to resort to acts of violence to ‘punish’ them in the aftermath of the two family making public the armed outfit's insistence on percentage deduction out of the land compensation amount supposed to be provided by the State Government. Some residential areas of Moreh town had to be shifted to other places to accommodate construction of Integrated Check Post in connection with expansion of the India-Myanmar border trade. February 16: The Assam Rifles personnel arrested five Kuki militants when they were traveling in two vehicles along the National Highway-39 and Old Burma Road near Saivom village in Chandel District. They were identified as KLA cadre J. K. Kuki alias Stephen (40), his wife Lhingboi Toutang (40), KNA cadre Thangmang (32), his wife Lhigboi Haokip (30) and Paocha alias Mani (25). Seven AK-57 Rifles, two M-16 Rifle, one 9-mm pistol, eight Magazines of AK-56, one Magazine of 9-mm, two M-16 Magazine, 412 rounds of 7.62-mm, nine rounds 9-mm, one telescopic sight, two Muzzle flash hiders, four pairs of combat dress and two vehicles were recovered from their possession. February 13: The chief of Leisan village Tengnoupal who was the victim of a recent atrocity committed by the KNA cadres at T Bungmol village in Chandel District strongly criticized the recent press statement of Kuki Chiefs Association in Moreh claiming reaching of negotiation on the incident. February 7: The villagers of Leisan, Tengnoupal and T. Bungmual in Chandel District in a press conference at New Checkon in Imphal East District alleged that KNA, which is a signatory to the SoO agreement with Government, has been committing atrocities upon them. The report adds that two persons including a village chief were assaulted by KNA cadres at T. Bungmual village on February 1. January 21: The KNA, a signatory to the Suspension of Operation (SoO) agreement with the Union Government, declared its objective of creating an autonomous Kuki State under the relevant articles and provisions of the Indian Constitution. January 19: The KNA criticized successive Manipur Governments for their apathy towards the problems of Kuki people. 2009 November 24: A UKLF cadre, Benjamin Thangbem, is killed by KNA militants at Tuibong village in Churachandpur District. October 29: The chief of Thangal Surung village, K. Lengkham Thangal (60), and the secretary of the village authority, Salas Thangal (50), are wounded when they are assaulted by militants of the KNA in Senapati District. The KNA cadres, led by Thangpao Touthang, carry out the attack after Lengkham refuses to pay INR 20,000 demanded by Touthang for selling a timberland. March 20: Two KNA cadres, identified as Thanglei and Seikhohao, are arrested by the Assam Rifles personnel from Kamjong area in the Imphal West District. January 28: The dead body of a KNA cadre, Khailun, is recovered from a paddy field located in between Keibi Kumuda and Taretkhul under Lamlai Police Station in the Imphal East District. November 26: A UKLF cadre, Benjamin Thangbem, is killed by KNA militants at Tuibong village in Churachandpur District. October 29: The chief of Thangal Surung village, K. Lengkham Thangal (60), and the secretary of the village authority, Salas Thangal (50), are wounded when they were assaulted by militants of the KNA in Senapati District. The KNA cadres, led by Thangpao Touthang, carry out the attack after Lengkham refuses to pay INR 20,000 demanded by Touthang for selling a timberland. September 29: A large number of people took out a protest rally at Pallel in the Chandel District against capital punishment threats issued by the KNA outfit on two leaders of social organizations. March 20: Two KNA militants, identified as Thanglei and Seikhohao, are arrested by the Assam Rifles personnel from Kamjong area in the Imphal West District. January 28: The dead body of a KNA cadre, Khailun, is recovered from a paddy field located in between Keibi Kumuda and Taretkhul under Lamlai Police Station in the Imphal East District. 2008 November 13: The third meeting of the Joint Monitoring Group headed by Principal Secretary of the Manipur Home Department D. S. Poonia as Chairman is held with KNA leaders. During the meeting, four designated camps are identified besides issuing identity cards to the KNA leaders. November 13: A KNA cadre, Konsam Basanta Meitei alias Nanao, is arrested by the Imphal East district police commandoes from Top Khongnangkhong on November 13. He confessed during interrogation that he joined the KNA in the month of August 2008 and he was involved in extortion of money from private nursing homes and hospitals, the Manipur State Forest Department located in the Mantripukhri area of capital Imphal. September 21: One suspected KNA 'commander' is killed by the rival KNF militants at Samuthong under Lamlai police station. They decamp with an AK-47 of the slain militant. August 22: A trilateral agreement on Suspension of Operation between the Kuki National Organisation (KNO), Union Government and Manipur Government is signed in New Delhi. The KNO is a conglomeration of 11 Kuki militant outfits. August 5: Imphal East district police commandoes arrest one KNA cadre, Angshong Khoibu, from RIMS A-Block. August 4: Telegraph reported that the Manipur-based tribal militant groups, under the banner of KNO, are set to sign a cease-fire with the Centre to pave the way for peace talks. The organisation has 10 constituent member groups which have "agreed" to sign the cease-fire after three rounds of tripartite talks with the Union Home Ministry and State Government since February 2008. "Representatives of the KNO have agreed to sign the ceasefire during the last round of meeting held in Delhi on July 15. They have agreed to the ground rules and we are hoping that they would sign the ceasefire in the next meeting," a source said. July 17: The KNA militants shoot at and injured two persons, Thangkhanlen alias Helen and Tongken alias Kekeng, for allegedly trying to extort money in the guise of cadres of the outfit at Tiger Camp under Lamlai police station in the Imphal East district. July 2: The Jawahar Navodaya School at Umathel in the Thoubal district has decided to close down, due to the monetary demands made by the KNA, NNC and other militant outfits. July 1: The Zou Defence Volunteers (ZDV) outfit declares that it will no more operate under the Kuki National Organisation (KNO). June 20 : At least 500 villagers of Waakan area of Sadar Hills under Saikul police station in the Senapati district have fled from their respective homes and are taking shelter near Purum Likli and Champhai villages since June 16, after nearly 200 cadres of KRA and KNA took up positions for a gun-battle in the area. June 12 : Three KNA cadres are killed during a factional clash with the KRA at Molkon village under Saikul police station in the Senapati district. An India Reserve Battalion (IRB) personnel, Paokholun Lhungdim, is reported to have been killed in the crossfire. . June 9: Two KNA cadres and one KRA cadre are killed during a factional clash between two outfits at Molkon village under Saikul police station in the Senapati district. One KRA cadre also sustains injuries in the clash. June 8: Suspected KNA militants assault four fishermen along the boundary of Chandel and Churachandpur districts. The militants accuse them of being police informers. June 2: The United Committee Manipur in a memorandum submits to Manipur Governor Dr. S.S. Sidhu blamed the Suspension of Operation (SoO) agreement signed with the Kuki militant outfits for the rising crime and unchecked violence in some parts of the State. The civil society group says that due to the improper implementation of the truce details there were unrestricted and open extortions being carried out along with abductions for ransom which had become routine. It adds that the Imphal-Moreh Sumo service was suspended due to monetary demands imposed by the KNA on the transporters. May 31: Some villagers are assaulted by suspected cadres of the KNA and Military Council faction of the KNF, when they requested the militants not to take a percentage from their wages for works done under the National Rural Employment Generation Scheme (NREGS) at Tuibuong in the Churachandpur district. Five persons sustain injuries in the incident. May 30: People capture one KLA militant, Anoubam Naocha Sharma, while he was trying to extort money from a school headmaster, identified as Chingtham Priyokumar, at Uripok Baspati in the Imphal West district. He was later handed over to the Manipur Police. Two of his accomplices, however, managed to escape from the incident site. Sharma had served a monetary demand of INR 5 00000 to Priyokumar a month ago in the name of KLA. Meanwhile, another quoting Superintendent of Police of Imphal West district, L. Kailun, mentions that Naocha is a KNA cadre who was arrested by the Police from the extortion site. Naocha reportedly confesses that he joined the KNA six days back through one Ngairakpam Biren Singh and besides Biren operates under one Iboyaima Singh. May 11: Two persons, including a civilian and a suspected KNA militant, were killed when they were caught in a clash between two suspected Kuki groups, the USRA and Prithvi faction of the KNF, at Nangbram Nganukhong village under Yairipok police station in the Thoubal district. One AK rifle magazine along with 15 live rounds was recovered from the incident site. While the slain civilian is identified as Mayengbam Tomba, the slain KNA cadre is identified as Malsaun Vaiphei. According to another source, Malsaun is a cadre of the USRA. March 26: One KNA cadre, Alal Kuki, is killed in a gun-battle with the NSCN-IM militants at Chassad in the Ukhrul district. January 13: The UKLF claims responsibility for the killing of one Tongkhohao alias Haopu Haokip of Sinam village in the Chandel district. The outfit's 'information and publicity secretary' T.H. James Bond accused Haopu and his accomplice, Lunminthang Haokip, of assaulting a UKLF cadre at Pallel without any provocation on January 9. Haopu is a KNA defector. 2007 December 29: One civilian is wounded in an encounter between police personnel and KNA militants at the Thamnapokpi Sumilok hill range of Imphal East district. December 18: Three KNA militants, 'l/cpl' Lanmilien alias Timothy Haokip, 'pvt' Haokholet alias Albert Lhungdim and Henry alias Khailen, defect to the UKLF along with one AK 56 rifle with two magazines loaded with 150 rounds, one US Carbine with two magazines containing 150 rounds, a lathode propeller (80 mm) and 10 bombs, one M-21 rifle with 100 live rounds, one walkie-talkie set. This was reportedly the second case of defection from the KNA to the UKLF in 2007. December 10: One KNA militant, Paokhojang Khongsai alias Thangboy Khongsai, is arrested from Hatta in the Imphal East district. Thangboy hails from Monjang village in the Senapati district. Following his confession, another KNA cadre, Chungthang Haokip alias C.T. alias Thangboi, is arrested along with an extortion note from his rented accommodation at the Chassad Avenue. October 28: The dead body of a person, Thongkholun Haokip, is recovered from Imphal river near Thumbuthong bridge at Nahabam in the Imphal East district. Thongkholun Haokip and Tongthang Haokip were reportedly shot dead by Manipur Police personnel during a counter-insurgency operation at Mahabali Kabui Khul in the same district on October 24. According to police sources, they are KNA linkmen and are involved in extraction of ransom from employees of the public health engineering department. Meanwhile, the Kuki Students Organisation says that the duo, belonging to the Churachandpur district, were Manipur Rifles troopers, and were working as security guards at the residence of C. Doungel, the former State Legislator. October 25: One KNA cadre, Lalboi, is killed by KRA militants during a factional clash at Khamenlok under Saikul police station in the Senapati district. October 24: One person, identified as Tongthang Haokip, is shot dead by Manipur Police during a counter-insurgency operation at Mahaballi Kabui village under Porompat police station in the Imphal East district. According to police sources, Haokip was killed while coming to collect ransom from employees of the state public health engineering department on behalf of the KNA. October 5: One KNA militant, Thonglan Touthang, is arrested by security force personnel during a search operation at Sanjenthong in the Imphal East district. September 13: A KNA cadre, Thangzang Haokip, is arrested from New Lambulance in the Senapati disitrct. July 15: Two labourers, identified as Yumnam Ibungo and Keisham Inaobi, are assaulted by unidentified KNA cadres at Samusong village in the Senapati district. July 14: Police arrested the ‘army chief’ of KNA, Seikhojang Haokip alias Robert, from Imphal airport. He is arrested from the passengers’ lounge of the airport waiting to board a Delhi-bound flight. "We took the KNA leader into custody because the state government does not recognise the outfit’s arrangement with the army. We are interrogating him," Imphal West superintendent of police Clay Khongsai said. June 8: Police arrested two KNA cadres, Kangjam Chittaranjan alias Taton alias Jack and Arambam Bhagat alias Dudu, at Langol Game Village in the Imphal West district. May 23: Police personnel arrested two KNA cadres, identified as T.S. Chochon and Paolun alias Helun Haokip, at Hatta Golapati area in the Imphal East district. April 24: Two suspected KNA cadres, identified as Haokhmang Haokip and Lhunminlan Khongsai, are shot dead by its rival KNF-P at Sapermaina Bazaar in the Senapati district. March 13: Six militants belonging to the KNA are killed while one sustained injuries in a factional fight with the KNF at Phaijang village in the Senapati district. February 5: A KNF militant belonging to the President faction, identified as Hengoumang Kipgen was killed and another cadre was injured in an internecine clash at Koubru Leikha under Sapermaina police station in the Senapati district. February 5: A Kuki National Front (KNF) militant belonging to the President faction was killed and another belonging to the Kuki National Army (KNA) was injured in an internecine clash between two outfits at Koubru Leikha under Sapermaina police station in the Senapati district. The killed KNF militant was identified as Hengoumang Kipgen 2006 December 23: The Kuki National Organisation (KNO), the political wing of Kuki National Army (KNA), asked the UNLF and its armed wing, Manipur People's Army (MPA), to stop operating in Kuki areas, stating their presence and activities have caused serious harm to the Kuki communities. December 4: A civilian, Hoichong Haokip, is killed in crossfire between security force personnel and the Kuki National Army cadres at Sipiyang village in the Senapati district .Police sources said one M-16 rifle, two magazines, several live rounds, eight number of letter heads, photographs, dresses, magazine pouch and shoulder badges bearing KNA logo were recovered from the incident site. November 30: The 'public relation officer' of the Samuel faction of the Kuki National Front, 'captain' Namjapao, was shot dead and another cadre, Henjapao, sustained injuries when they were attacked by the rival Kuki National Army cadres at Bijang in the Churachandpur district. November 21: A civilian, identified as Hatneo, was injured in a crossfire that followed the attack on a camp of the KNA by a rival unidentified outfit at Muolvailup village in the Ukhrul district. November 9: The Kuki National Army militants reportedly seized seven grams of heroin No. 4 from at least 15 alleged drug traffickers at various places in Tuibuong and Hmar Veng areas of Churachandpur district. November 7: Suspected KNA militants shot dead a woman, Nemkhohoi alias Hoineu, at Tuibuong Hmarveng area in the Churachandpur district. District police recovered the dead body and also recovered a few grams of heroin from her possession. October 21: Three suspected KNA cadres are killed in an attack by militants belonging to the KRA at Ekou under Saikul police station in the Senapati district. September 21: Three ZRA cadres are beaten to death after being abducted by rival cadres of the KNA at Sielmat in the Churachandpur district. August 2: KNA kills a civilian, R.K. Pratap, at Saparmeina Bazaar in the Senapati district. 2005 September 22: Union Defence Minister Pranab Mukherjee informs in Imphal that at least eight militant outfits (including the KNA) in Manipur have declared informal ceasefires' with the Union Government. March 6: A KNA cadre is killed at Kanglatombi in the Imphal West district January 20: KNA cadres abduct Additional Chief Engineer of Irrigation and Flood Control Department from Khumanom village in the Churachandpur district. January 12: A combined team of the United Kuki Liberation Front (UKLF) and Kuki Revolutionary Army (KRA) militants kill the ‘chief’ of Kuki National Army (KNA), Vipin Haokip, during an internecine clash at Bijang in the Churachandpur district. January 12: Security force personnel kill a suspected KNA militant, identified as Zangkhopao Kuki, during an encounter between Panshang and Molnom villages in the Ukhrul district. January 7: KNA cadres kill a student, identified as Tongthang Khongsai, at Molnom Kuki village in the Ukhrul district . 2004 November 16: The Imphal East district police during a search operation arrested a KNA cadre, identified as Hegin Lupho alias Paogin, from Mahabali Kabui village in the Imphal East district. September 21: Security forces arrest two militants belonging to the Kuki National Front-Military Council (KNF-MC) and the KNA during cordon and search operations at New Checkon in the Imphal East district. 2003 January 20: KNA militant abducts the Additional Chief Engineer of Irrigation and Flood Control Department from Khumanom village in the Churachandpur district. 2002 September 1: Manipur Police arrest two KNA militants at Pureilomba in the Imphal East district. They had allegedly come to collect an extortion amount of INR 2.7 lakh from a local businessman. April 8: The KNA declares a cease-fire with the NSCN-IM. 1997 June 13: Fifteen Myanmar security force personnel and 10 civilians are killed as the KNA ambushes an Army truck at Thenjen village of Myanmar bordering the Chandel district of Manipur. 1994 October 23: Chief of KNA, Hanglen, in a press statement, ‘vows to establish’ a ‘Kuki State’ within Burma (Myanmar). 1993 April 15: KNA militants kill four Naga militants and set ablaze their houses in the Parouland and Kutal Khunthak villages of Chandel district.

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